The concept of spherical coordinates can be extended to higher dimensional spaces and are then referred to as hyperspherical coordinates. In geography and astronomy, the elevation and azimuth (or quantities very close to them) are called the latitude and longitude, respectively and the radial distance is replaced by an altitude (measured from a central point or from a sea level surface). ![]() ![]() The radial distance is also called the radius or radial coordinate, and the inclination may be called colatitude, zenith angle, normal angle, or polar angle. The elevation angle is often replaced by the inclination angle measured from the zenith, the direction perpendicular to the reference plane. In mathematics, a spherical coordinate system is a coordinate system for three-dimensional space where the position of a point is specified by three numbers: the radial distance from a fixed origin, the elevation angle of that point from a fixed plane, and the azimuth angle of its orthogonal projection on that plane, from a fixed direction on the same. A spherical coordinate system, with origin O and azimuth axis A.
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